Explanation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name Rhozobium radiobacter) is the casual agent of crown gall disease (the formation on tumour) in over 140 species of dicot. It is a rod-shaped, Gram negative, soil bacterium (Smith, et. al 1907). Symptoms are caused by the insertion of a small segment of DNA, known as T-DNA (transfer DNA) into the plant cell, which is incorporated at a semi-random location into the plant genome