Explanation

(c) Total energy radiated from a body
$\mathcal{Q =}A\varepsilon\sigma T^{4}t$
$\Rightarrow$ $\mathcal{Q \propto}AT^{4} \propto r^{2}T^{4}$ $\ \ \ \ \ (\therefore A = 4\pi r^{2})$
$\Rightarrow$ $\frac{\mathcal{Q}_{P}}{\mathcal{Q}_{\mathcal{Q}}} = \left( \frac{r_{P}}{r_{\mathcal{Q}}} \right)^{2}\left( \frac{T_{\mathcal{P}}}{T_{\mathcal{Q}}} \right)^{4}$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ = \left( \frac{8}{2} \right)^{2}\left\lbrack \frac{(273 + 127)}{(273 + 527)} \right\rbrack^{4} = 1$