(d)
When $SiO_{2}$ (silica) is present as earthly impurity in an ore, it is called gangue and when it is added to remove basic impurities like $CaO,\ FeO$ etc. It is called an acidic flux.
Reviewed by Dr. Abubacker
Physics Educator & NEET/JEE Specialist
Ph.D. in Physics with 19+ years of teaching experience.