(a)
${\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ N}_{1}V_{1}\ \ \ \ = \ \ \ \ N_{2}V_{2}$
$\ \ \ 0.5\ \times \ 100 = \ 0.1 \times V_{2}$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ V_{2}\ = \ 500\ cm^{3}$
$\therefore$ Water to be added to $100{\ cm}^{3}$ solution
=500-100= 400$\ {cm}^{3}$