Explanation

(a)
Luminescence is the emission of light by a substance for any reason other than rise in its temperature.
Chemiluminescence it is luminescence resulting from a chemical reaction, this is emission of visible light
Phosphorescence if the luminescence persists significantly after the existing cause is removed, it is called phosphorescence if it does not, and it is called fluorescence.
Bioluminescence It is luminescence produced by living organism$\ e.g$., firefly.