Q. Amino group is ortho/para-directing for aromatic electrophilic substitution. On nitration of aniline, a good amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained. This is due to
A) In nitration mixture, ortho, para-activity of $NH_{2}$ group is completely lost
B) $- NH_{2}$ because $–NH_{3}^{+},\$which is m-directing
C) $- NH_{2}$ becomes $–NH^{+}SO_{4}^{-}$, which is m-directing
D) $- NH_{2}$ becomes $–NH^{-}NO_{2}^{+}$, which is m-directing
Explanation
(a)
On direct nitration of aniline, lone pair of electrons present at nitrogen atom will accept proton from the nitrating mixture to give anilium ion which is meta directing.
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Reviewed by Dr. Abubacker
Physics Educator & NEET/JEE Specialist
Ph.D. in Physics with 19+ years of teaching experience.