(c)
$\sqrt{\frac{1 + \cos A}{1 - \cos A}} = \sqrt{\frac{2\cos^{2}\frac{A}{2}}{2\sin^{2}\frac{A}{2}} =}\frac{x}{y}$
$\Rightarrow \ \tan{\frac{A}{2} = \frac{y}{x}}$
Now, $\tan{A = \frac{2\tan\frac{A}{2}}{1 - \tan^{2}\frac{A}{2}}}$
$= \frac{2xy}{x^{2} - y^{2}}$