(b)
$(q - r)x^{2} + (r - p)x + (p - q) = 0$
$\Rightarrow \ \ (q - r)x^{2} + (r - q + q - p)x + (p - q) = 0$
$\Rightarrow (q - r)x^{2} - (q - r)x - (p - q)x + (p - q) = 0$
$\Rightarrow (q - r)x(x - 1) - (p - q)(x - 1) = 0$
$\Rightarrow (x - 1)\{(q - r)x - (p - q)\} = 0$
$\Rightarrow x = 1,\ \frac{p - q}{q - r}$