(a)
We know that,
$AM \geq GM$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a + b}{2} \geq \sqrt{ab}$
$\Rightarrow 4 \geq \sqrt{ab}\ \ \ \ (\because a + b = 8$ given)
$\Rightarrow ab \leq 16$
Equality holds when number are equal. So, $ab$ is equal to 16 when $a = 4,b = 4$