(a)
Length of the chord
$= \sqrt{\left\lbrack 4\cos(\theta + 60{^\circ}) - 4\cos\theta \right\rbrack^{2} + \left\lbrack 4\sin(\theta + 60{^\circ}) - 4\sin\theta \right\rbrack^{2}}$
$= 4\sqrt{\begin{array}{r}
\cos^{2}{(\theta + 60{^\circ}) + \cos^{2}\theta +} \\
\sin^{2}{(\theta + 60{^\circ}) + \sin^{2}{\theta - 2\cos(\theta + 60{^\circ})}}
\end{array}}$
$\cos\theta - 2\sin(\theta + 60{^\circ})\sin\theta$
$= 4\sqrt{1 + 1 - 2\cos{60{^\circ}}} = 4$