(c)
Truth Table
[table] $p$ | $q$ | $\sim p$ | $\sim q$ | $\sim q \land p$ | $( \sim q \land p)$
$\land q$ | $p \vee \sim p$ | $(p \land q) \land$
$( \sim (p \land q))$ | $( \sim q \land p)$
$\vee$
$(p \vee \sim p)$ ; T
T
F
F | T
F
T
F | F
F
T
T | F
T
F
T | F
T
F
F | F
F
F
F | T
T
T
T | F
F
F
F | T
T
T
T [/table]
It is clear from the table that the last column has all true values.