(a)
Given, $\frac{1 + x}{1 - y}\ = \ \sec\ a$
$\Rightarrow y\sec{a = \sec{a - 1 - x}}\$
$\Rightarrow \ \ \frac{dy}{dx}\sec{a = \ - 1}$
$\Rightarrow \ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{- 1}{\sec a} = \frac{- 1}{\left( \frac{1 + x}{1 - y} \right)}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y - 1}{x + 1}\$