(b)
$\left| \begin{array}{r}
441\ \ 442\ \ 443 \\
445\ \ 446\ \ 447 \\
449\ \ 450\ \ 451
\end{array} \right| = \left| \begin{array}{r}
441\ \ 1\ \ 1 \\
445\ \ 1\ \ 1 \\
449\ 1\ \ 1
\end{array} \right|$
$C_{2} \rightarrow C_{2} - C_{1}$
$C_{3} \rightarrow C_{3} - C_{2}$
=0 [$\because$ two columns are identical]