Explanation

Some differences in $C_{3}$ and $C_{4}$ plants. [table] $C_{3}$-plants | $C_{4}$-plants ; Algae (Chlorella), sunflower, beans, mustard, etc. Plants have Calvin cycle. The first stable product of photosynthesis is 3-C compound, phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). There is only one carbon dioxide acceptor, e.g., ribulose 1-5, diphosphate. Kranz anatomy is absent. The optimum temperature lies between 10-25$℃$. Photorespiration occurs, which reduces the photosynthetic yield. Chloroplast have PS-I and PS-II | Maize, sorghum, sugarcane and other graminaceous plants. Plants have Hatch and Slack cycle. The first stable product is 4-C compound, oxaloacetic acid or malic acid in succulents. There are two carbon dioxide acceptor, e.g., phosphoenol pyruvic acid and RuDP. The leaves have Kranz anatomy. The optimum temp. lies between 30-45$℃$. No photorespiration. Bundle sheath chloroplast lack photosystem-II, therefore, depends upon mesophyll for supply of$\ NADPH + H^{+}$ . [/table]